Sunday, February 17, 2013

Issue #101 Responsibility, Tuesday's Primary and Education



Responsibility…
Words mean something, that is a concept that we learn early in life.  A chair is a chair, that person over there is "mom".  Defining people, places and things with words is an important part of learning to communicate with others.  Being able to share our ideas clearly and concisely is a skill that we spend our lives developing in formal settings like school, and in informal communication with friends and family.  As an elementary educator, a significant portion of my work day is spent trying to help students improve their abilities to communicate in spoken and written formats. 
I'm sure you noticed that I mentioned defining people, places and things and immediately thought "nouns".  My students are very adept at answering the question, "What is a noun?" with this litany.  However, when you add the last part of the definition, that not only is a noun a person, place or thing, but also an idea, my students are less comfortable.  After all, most of them experience a noun as something that you can recognize with one of your senses.  Words like freedom, justice and responsibility are nouns too, but much more difficult to define and recognize.
Merriam-Webster defines 'responsibility' as :
1) the quality or state of being responsible as  
a : moral, legal, or mental accountability
b : reliability, trustworthiness
2) something for which one is responsible : burden

The sentences used as examples for responsibility are interesting and tend to be negative in connotation.  They mention terrorists taking responsibility for an attack, chores and obligations.  Synonyms listed for responsibility include: Blame, fault, and liability.  Overall, responsibility is portrayed as something that isn't to be sought out.  No wonder my students cringe when I talk about responsibility and how they, as 4th and 5th graders, are getting older and ready to take on more responsibilities.  Using these definitions of responsibility I don't blame them for wanting to stay young and free of the cares of being a mature, responsible person. 

There is another side to responsibility.  By standing up for what is right and taking on issues that we know need addressing, we can not only improve the world around us, but also improve our own sense of well being and self esteem.  We can all recognize that feeling we get when we know that we rose to the occasion and accomplished something valuable.  The positive feelings are intensified when we recognize that we've gone above and beyond basic expectations and truly taken responsibility for the situation we were involved in.

When we look at the world around us we see many places where people are not accepting responsibility for themselves or fulfilling their obligations and duties to those around them.  We see that the world would be a better place if each person truly was accountable to themselves and to society as a whole.  People narrowly define their responsibilities and look out only for themselves or their immediate, short term interests.  We also have conflicts over just what accepting responsibility and being accountable looks like in specific circumstances.

It is a difficult balancing act that we must engage in as we navigate between our personal responsibilities and our accountability to our fellow citizens, the environment and to society as a whole.  These conflicting forces have been a topic for political, ethical and religious discussions throughout recorded history.  Just where do our ultimate responsibilities lie and how do we guide our actions to behave in a responsible manner?  Is responsibility a burden, an obligation, or something that we embrace as a vital part of living in a civilized society?  Is it possible for a diverse society with many different ways of defining what is valued to define abstract terms in ways that are useful and meaningful?

I would argue that, while the specific definitions are often impacted by an individual's personal belief system, we, as a society can, agree on ways to share our ideas about abstract terms like responsibility.  By discussing, demonstrating and sharing our values we can find commonalities that will move our society towards a more unified future.  In order for this to happen we must be willing to accept that our definitions may not be the only way to characterize a trait or a concept.  However, there are underlying similarities that most cultures, religions and societies share. 

It is somewhat naïve to think that we can limit our responsibilities to our those in our immediate, personal circles.  Each of us has an impact that extends to the communities we live in and even further.  The products I buy, the vote I cast, even my simple communications with others can have an influence that I may not even know about.  As an educator I have come to realize that it is often the smallest detail that I find out later has impacted a student's life.  Many have heard of the "Butterfly Effect", where a small event eventually triggers something larger.  It is important that we remember that our small actions do have an impact, one we may not even know about.    

Yet, at the same time we often feel powerless to exercise any influence over the things that we see happening around us.  We make our best effort and things still don't go as we would like them to.  Supporters of public education can certainly sympathize with this, as we watch something we value highly, attacked and decimated in so many ways. 

So, how do we demonstrate traits like responsibility in today's world?  We stand up for what we feel is right and express our thinking in positive ways.  We don't allow others to lead us in directions that we feel are harmful to what we value.  We engage in discussion and use our existing social and political structures to mediate conflicts.  We listen to others and consider their viewpoints.  All of us have a responsibility to ourselves, those close to us, and to society as a whole to exercise our rights and accept our responsibilities as citizens of the world we live in.  No one else can do this for us, it is up to each of us to be accountable for ourselves and act accordingly.

If we believe the quote, "In a democracy, the people get the government they deserve," then it is easy to see how we do have a responsibility to act to insure that those who represent us in any elected capacity truly do embody the values we share.  In the same way, we must act to influence any aspect of our lives or organization we belong to in order to make sure that our ideals are present and accounted for.  So, whether it's a democratic institution, or an organization like a school district that is governed by appointed or hired administrators it is up to us to make it be something that we are proud to be a part of.    

February 19- Primary Day…
Election season is upon us again.  Wisconsinites are bracing for another round of elections that probably will continue our recent trend in being contentious and divisive at the state level.  Voters have an opportunity to cast a vote in the primary election this Tuesday.  It is always important to exercise your right to vote, but in off-year primaries every voters power is magnified because of the low turnouts.  The GAB is projecting that less than 10% of the eligible voters will participate in Tuesday's election, so make your voice heard and get out to vote. 


Wisconsin Supreme Court
This primary features three candidates and will narrow the field to two for the April 2 election.  Pat Roggensack is the incumbent and is challenged by Vince Megna and Ed Fallone. 

The importance of this race can't be underestimated as the current court has a 4-3 conservative majority and our justices have been extremely partisan in recent years.  The fact that so many important decisions regarding collective bargaining and other issues will likely appear before the court makes this a vital office for progressives in Wisconsin to win.
  







Madison School Board Seat #5
Of no less importance for supporters of Madison Public Schools is the primary for Seat #5 between TJ Mertz, Sarah Manski and Ananda Mirilli.  The candidate I support in this race is Mertz.  He has been a presence at school board meetings for a long time, and has been a tireless advocate for public schools through his writing and actions. 



Defending Education…
If we truly value public education then we must act to protect and preserve it as a part of our society.  Whatever your role in public education whether as a parent, educator or concerned community member, we all have a responsibility to make sure that our public schools have advocates who are willing to speak out on issues that affect our schools.  The list of problems and "reforms" is long and the discussion has been shaped by those who want to make our schools more "businesslike", "productive" and even "profitable".   






The reality is that many of our potential advocates for public education are leaving the field for "greener pastures" that are less stressful and more widely supported.  Just like manufacturing and other industries we are seeing "downsizing" occurring.  Low pay, high stress, increased responsibility with limited support all contribute to the exodus of educators from the profession.  A small number of well connected groups and individuals stand to profit from these trends, while the rest of society loses a valuable resource.     

An example of how current trends are moving away from educating and looking only at the bottom line.  The MacKenzie Center has been an important place for my family and schools that I've been involved in.  For years my wife took her 5th grade classes for overnight field trips, and both of my sons have done overnights while in middle school.  Changing the focus of the Center could mean that many students would lose the opportunity to spend time in a beautiful outdoor setting.

Labor News…
Organized labor continues to look for ways to increase our influence, even in these difficult times.  Alliances and making connections is an important part of the current struggle.  Labor needs to find ways to compete with the big money that corporations are able to utilize.    

Sunday, February 10, 2013

Issue #100- Some "Humor", MMSD's New Superintendent and WI Pensions



#100!!…
When I first decided to write a blog I never imagined that I would ever write 100 posts, but here we are celebrating Issue #100!!  That this post comes a week before the 2 year anniversary of the start of the "Wisconsin Uprising" is another example of the reality that we aren't going to just forget what is being done in the name of "reform" here in Wisconsin or anywhere else for that matter.  I am proud to be a part of the resistance and proud to stand with my colleagues and friends to try and make positive changes in our society, wherever possible.

I want to thank my wife, Sandy, for revising and editing each week's edition.  For those of you who have waded through every page I've posted (and I know that there are a lot of them) you can appreciate her dedication to the cause.  Her support and suggestions make my writing better.  I also can't forget my sons who have had to listen to me talk about political, social and economic issues daily.  They offer me insights into what our youth think as well as assist me with my technological challenges.  They are growing into advocates for social justice as well.  I also need to thank my friends and union compatriots who provide me support, inspiration and share information that helps guide my writing.                                        

Thanks too, to all of you who have read an issue.  "Open, Forward, Thinking" has been viewed over 16,000 times in over 70 countries on 6 continents (anyone know anyone in Antarctica?).  I appreciate the feedback, pro and con, and hope that my posts have help keep you all informed and given you ways to become engaged in the struggle.  While the fight has been filled with challenges and is exhausting, I'm confident that we will be able to continue until we achieve our goals. 

For issue #100 I thought I would take a trip into fiction by sharing a few articles that I would either like, or fear, to see in the future.  You can judge for yourselves which are which.  At the end of the post I also have some information about the search for MMSD's superintendent position and some scary stuff about pensions.


Walker--"I Made Some Huge Mistakes"…
In a surprise press conference Wisconsin Governor Scott Walker announced that he has had a change of heart regarding many of the policies his administration has implemented during its first two years.  As we near the two year anniversary of the introduction of the controversial "Budget Repair Bill" or Act 10 attention is again focused on the Governor's actions during that volatile time in February of 2011.  Walker himself said, "It's just like any milestone date, anniversary or the New Year.  A time of reflection when you think back and forward and try to see what you could do better or different."

Walker went on to talk about the virtual elimination of collective bargaining for public employees and the cuts to education and summarized by saying, "I made some huge mistakes and went way too far."  He deflected some of the criticism away from himself and admitted that his administration thought that the budget cuts and restrictions on rights would have been more widely popular with Wisconsinites.  "My advisors shared information from some trusted sources that said good things about what we were going to do", Walker shared, "I heard all that stuff was supported by Coke and I figured that with all the polar bears and 'Have a Coke and a smile' stuff that people would just go along with everything." 

As far as correcting these mistakes, Walker points to the new legislative session as an opportunity to reverse the damage done to Wisconsin.  "Now that we know about the errors in judgment it should be pretty easy to simply repeal most of the things from the past couple of years.  I'm positive that my fellow Republicans will go along with what I say, they're usually pretty cooperative with my way of thinking,"  Walker predicted.  "I've decided that in the future we will try and listen to a wider range of ideas before acting, Maybe Pepsi offers political advice too?"

Finally, A Way to Measure Creativity…
National testing company WATED (We Assess and Test Everything for Dough), announced a new test that will measure student creativity and artistic ability.  The test fully aligns with Common Core standards and will allow school districts to not only create student creativity profiles, but will also allow employers to effectively measure the productivity and hold educators who don't teach specific academic subjects accountable for student achievement in creative endeavors.   

The test is administered on a computer and asks students to observe and answer questions about different images.  Student answers form a pattern on a ScanTron sheet which is then evaluated by company employees for aesthetic value.  "We realize that there is some subjectivity to this process, but our experts are really good at noticing good art," a company press release stated.  A second portion of the test asks students to listen to musical selections.  Their answers (with choices A-G) are then put on a musical staff and the tune is assessed by WATED employees.    

WATED is also looking into developing tests for students physical fitness in order to effectively assess Physical Education teachers.  So far these tests are proving to be more costly, and thus less attractive to school districts, due to the added expense of specially designed chairs that will be needed for the endurance portion of the test.    

Study Released, Teachers Are Taxpayers…
After two years of intensive study a bi-partisan legislative task has arrived at the conclusion that teachers and other public employees do pay taxes.  Senator Glenn Grothman (R) spoke for his party's representatives on the task force and stated, "We were stunned to find out that public employees and public educators are taxpayers and apparently contribute to our state's economy in some meaningful way.  Up to this point we (GOP legislators and Governor Walker) were convinced that we only needed to represent people who didn't "work" in the public sector or for some non-profit agency that helps people."

Governor Walker's office released a short statement expressing their amazement that this information could have eluded them for so long.  In the statement Governor Walker expressed concern that this revelation will "impact the way we do business here in Wisconsin".  His office admitted that up until this study was released they had been operating under the assumption that everything they had heard about public employees being "lazy and a drain on the economy" was true.  "Now we have to rethink our positions and attempt to represent the interests of a whole new group of taxpayers, that's going to be a lot of work!"   

Balancing Act…
The buzzword here in Wisconsin for the past two years has been balance, as in balance the budget at any cost.  However, recent economic information has come to light that, while a balanced budget is important, the way the balancing is carried out matters as much as the balancing itself.  Economists across Wisconsin came together at a recent convention and discussed Wisconsin's budget and economic woes. 

They concluded that the reason any government entity collects revenue from its citizens is to provide services, protection and stability for those who live in its jurisdiction.  In a press release the economists expressed the belief that, "Any budget created at any level should keep the bottom line in mind.  However, when balancing a budget the needs of all citizens must be considered."  The group also recognized that citizens who are able to meet their basic needs are more productive and work to improve society as a whole instead of struggling to barely get by. 

One economist even noted that protecting the environment must be a consideration as well, even if it sometimes takes away from tax revenue or the expansion of business.  "On day 3 of the convention I went outside and noticed just how beautiful Wisconsin's outdoors really are," the economist said.  "That got me thinking that sometimes money isn't the only thing that matters when we talk about fiscal concerns.  If we don't have a good environment to live in, then I guess all the money in the world won't really matter a lot, will it?" 

Policies Have Consequences…
The U.S. Department of Education today released results of a comprehensive study that has determined that policies enacted at any level of government frequently have an impact on students in classrooms across America.  The study concluded that policies from the Federal level (No Child Left Behind and Race to the Top) have had an impact on school districts and classrooms in all 50 states.  The study states, "Apparently the testing requirements and the consequences attached to them have created an environment that has led to less actual time to teach and more time spent testing." 

An unnamed source in the Department of Education said, "We were shocked to hear that our work here in Washington is undermining our public schools' credibility and ability to educate students.  We really just thought that making educators accountable would be a popular idea and several companies said they had a great way to do this."

Administrators, school boards and state level heads of education have been notified that their actions and policies also impact the schools in their states and districts.  According to the study ideas that originate in places outside of schools often have significant consequences when implemented in classrooms.  "What sounds like a good idea in a conference room, or in a committee, frequently looks different when educators in schools are forced to put the policy or procedure into practice," the study states.      

A conservative school reform group, TEST (Truth in Education Starts with Testing) said that they have mixed feelings about this discovery by educational bureaucrats.  "We've know for a long time exactly what we wanted to happen when policies like NCLB and RttT were enacted.  We were just hoping that the politicians would continue to think that they were improving public education and would continue to promote policies that we support," spokesperson for the group, Ivanna T'est Moore said.   

School Cited for Violating Child Labor Laws…
In a strange and unusual development a private charter school in Wisconsin was cited for violation of Child Labor Laws.  The list of violations was long and included the school's use of children to run a school store that sold products made in the school's shop and home economics classes.  According to the report filed earlier today, students worked up to 14 hours a day making and selling products with the profits being used to fund the school's publicity department and to pay administrative costs.  Students were also required to perform maintenance and custodial tasks around the school. 

School officials protested the allegations saying that they were providing an excellent curriculum that prepared students for career paths in manufacturing and retail careers.  "Our test scores and productivity were off the charts when you compare us to the public schools that coddle children," stated a school spokesperson.  "We don't see why we should be penalized when we are simply doing what the job creators of Wisconsin want educational entities to do."

When asked if students were exposed to higher order thinking, creative problem solving or the arts school officials responded by defending their curriculum.  "There's a lot to be said for learning to follow instructions and performing rote tasks.  When we saw a student with potential they would be promoted to shift manager and had the potential to advance even farther in our school's hierarchy," school officials noted. 

The complaint was filed after customers began receiving slips of paper mixed in with their change saying, "Support Our School's Effort to Unionize!"  Apparently students had been attempting to organize for the past several months and were meeting with resistance from school administration.  One customer who is named in the complaint stated, "It seemed a little odd.  At first I thought it was some sort of school project for the kids, but the look of fear on the cashier's face when I read the note while a teacher was nearby seemed way too realistic.  I figured either the kid was a great actor or they were really terrified so I thought I should at least have someone check it out."     

Sometimes Truth is Stranger than Fiction
Seriously?!?!…
We are constantly hearing conservatives say that we should be running our schools, public services and government like a business.  Well, when an organization that works to help public employees like the SWIB makes a sound business decision the conservatives sure aren't happy about it.  However, I can't think of one good reason why we should be giving any state employee pension money to an entity like the WEDC that has been so mismanaged and that hasn't demonstrated any measurable level of competence in handling financial matters.
What is frightening to public employees in Wisconsin is the obvious reality that our Governor not only wants us to pay more into our pension fund, but that he wants to be able to access the money that we contribute. 



Madison's Search for a Superintendent…
A strong school district needs strong leadership to help support educators and implement quality policies district wide.  For the past months the search has been on for candidates to take over the reins of the Madison Public Schools.  This past week saw a flurry of activity as the Madison Board of Education worked earnestly to narrow the field of candidates down.  


Unfortunately, controversy quickly followed their decision and significant questions were raised about one of the candidate's records.  The result was a candidate pool of 1.


Thursday night Dr. Jennifer Cheatham was in front of a good sized crowd (considering the weather conditions outside) and answered many pointed questions about her record, her philosophy and her plans for Madison's Public School System.  


The following day it was announced that MMSD's School Board had offered the job to Dr. Cheatham. 



Much has been made about the process and questions have been raised about the way that candidates were selected.  In additions there are some issues and concerns that supporters of public education have about Dr. Cheatham's record and associations with "reform" groups.  






My major concerns at this point about Dr. Cheatham's record and philosophy center around some of her comments made on Thursday.  I must admit that I have no direct information or experience with her, just what is available on the internet, what has been shared by fellow educators, information released by MMSD and Dr. Cheatham's answers at the Thursday night forum. 

Overall she made a favorable impression and seemed very knowledgeable and confident.  Many of her answers resonated with me and made me feel hopeful for the future in the MMSD.  However, a couple of things stood out to me.

-She used the term "agnostic" to express her thinking about private schools.  For me our superintendent needs to be the biggest advocate possible for public education.  This means that any reforms to public education, or use of public money should be only in the best interest of public education.  Private schools, private charter schools and any other educational venture on the privatization spectrum needs to be kept separate from public school funding and must be accountable for the same standards that public schools are held to.

-Much was made of the fact that she said she wouldn't increase the school day, but I heard her say that she didn't know enough about MMSD to say whether that would be a positive option.  Perhaps a subtle difference, but a difference none the less.  She also never answered the question about increasing educator pay if changes were made in hours worked. 

-It is still unclear to me just how positive and benevolent her relationship with educators in Chicago was.  I'm hopeful that she operates in the manner she described at the forum, but time will tell.
   
It is sad that we are in such a state of mistrust and suspicion.  It takes a lot to make public educators so pessimistic about anything.  Remember, we are people who spend every minute of our day thinking about ways to get our most challenged students to succeed and view every day as a new one.  I wonder what our opinions of Dr. Cheatham would be had the assaults on public education not been so intense over the past two years.

One topic that she addressed that I found to be very positive was the idea of empowering principals and educators to work together in their buildings to make positive change happen.  This sounds a lot like the joint venture that MTI and MMSD have been working on for the past couple of years to reduce the number of grievances filed and to promote positive relationships between administration and staff.  I hope that she follows through on her words and supports these ideas with action.  

In the end these questions had little impact on the final decisions made by the Board of Education.  We are left with our uncertainties, but also with a need to trust in the selection and in our elected representatives and work to make Dr. Cheatham's tenure as MMSD Superintendent a successful one.  No one person will be responsible for the future success of our district, we all are accountable for creating a district that serves every student well.    

Sunday, February 3, 2013

Issue #99 February 3, 2013- Reforming Public Education and More



Education Reform …
In order for individuals to survive and thrive in modern America they need to have some form of education or training.  In order for our society to do the same we need to have a population that has the preparation and ability to adapt and innovate in rapidly changing political and economic environments.  Most of us in the industrialized world have moved beyond the lifestyle where such training can occur in informal settings.  We need to have institutions or mechanisms to educate and train our citizens in order to prepare them for jobs and careers that allow them to support themselves (and possibly their families) as well as to contribute to the success of the economy as a whole. 
For decades the public school system, supported by some private schools (often religious in nature) was viewed as a strength of our nation.  During the decades immediately following WWII, when the U.S. enjoyed economic success unparalleled in history, our public schools contributed significantly to the development of our economic power.  This isn't to say that our schools were flawless institutions, for example, segregation and inequality based on race meant that significant numbers of citizens were denied equal opportunities to education.  Yet, for many our schools were a source of national pride and were a centerpiece of many communities. 
Fast forward to 2013 and the situation is significantly different.  The news about public schools often makes it seem like they are at best an impediment to our success as a nation and at worst a drain on resources and a vacuum that is so flawed as to be in need of a complete overhaul.  Public education has become a battleground where different factions compete for financial resources and to promote their political agendas.  Too often the students and the true purpose of our educational system is lost in the uproar.  Education is a political issue, and educational policy is often decided by politicians or people who don't have an understanding of what happens in our schools.  This includes elected officials, political appointees and wealthy individuals who create foundations or other instruments to impose their ideology on students, educators and schools.
Public educators have been warning that the "reforms" that these educational policy makers propose will be harmful to our schools and our students.  We have heard that we are obstructing "reforms" that can help students in order to protect our "cushy" jobs.  We've been told that we are overreacting and that those who are outside of the educational mainstream can provide innovative ways to make our schools better.  We've been told that our public schools are failing students of color, students of poverty and any number of other demographic groups.   At the same time we are told that we are failing our white, middle class students by changing our methods of education to try and adapt to a changing population in our schools.  We've been told that class sizes don't matter, that schools need to tighten their belts and that we need to operate like businesses.            
All of these criticisms of our public schools are part of what appears to be a deliberate attempt to destroy our public school system and replace it with a private, for profit, system.  A system where a small number of people stand to make an extremely healthy profit, at the expense of the majority of students and educators.  The tactics used to undermine public schools are employed by a variety of sources and are used to shape policy debate and public discussion around issues in education.


One mode of attack is to create unrealistic expectations for public schools in order to create dissension, ruin educator morale and set the stage for "reformers" to step in to save our education system.         



Another tool in the "reformer's" toolbox is the use of high stakes testing as a way of identifying flaws in our public school system as well as a way to try and define success in educational endeavors.  By testing students in public schools and holding these schools accountable for student's scores as the main measure of student achievement, "reformers" are able to promote private schools as a positive alternative.  Never mind that the private schools are often not tested, and when they are, often perform either the same, or worse than similar public schools.   



Educators are beginning to fight back against the wave of testing.


seattleducation2010.wordpress.com
Of course, money is a powerful weapon used by "reformers" to weaken public education.  It is a strategy employed frequently by conservatives who want to privatize a specific area.  By taking away funding from schools, the conservatives weaken the ability of public schools to provide necessary services and this leads to an ongoing spiral of budget cuts and reductions in school's capability to deal with increasing challenges.  





www.thenation.com
Budgets also allow for leaders who have weakened our public schools to appear bi-partisan.  After decimating school budgets they are able to offer small incentives to appear like they support public education.  Public educators are faced with the continuing decline in their economic status or accepting "reforms" like merit pay that aren't in the best interest of educators or their students.   


As we reach the end of "School Choice Week", we hear the promises of "reform" and "innovation" from those who would privatize our school system.  They tout the flexibility of the private schools and criticize the "one size fits all" public school system.  What they don't promote are facts about what is really happening in schools and what the data really says when public and private schools are compared.  They also forget to mention that a privatized school system doesn't provide equitable opportunities for education and frequently promotes segregation in our schools.  Not to mention that academic achievement is not guaranteed for any student no matter what type of school they attend.  Promises can be made in glitzy ads about private schools, but too frequently these are promises broken, or promises given to only a limited few.    





Supporters of public education recognize that, while not perfect institutions, public schools offer opportunities that privatized schools don't.  Public schools are governed by elected school boards, are monitored by the media and the public through open records requirements that private institutions don't have and are accountable to serve all students in the communities they are located in.  As the struggle over educating our students continues, it is vital that public educators and other proponents of public education get the message out about how important our public schools are.  It is also important that pro-public education advocates keep the public informed about positive things happening in our schools.  If we don't, then the only message being heard will be one that is designed to eliminate public schools and create a privatized system of education.    


Politics, An Ugly Busine$$…
The struggle over education is one part of the ongoing conflict in America over just how we want our country to be governed and what role our government has in creating a socially just society.  There have been, and always will be, differences in opinion about these issues.  While it is good to have dissenting viewpoints, we are currently involved in a crucial struggle to define our national identity. 

Do we want a nation where only those with wealth or political connections (or both) have hope to advance their interests?    

Do we want a society where our politicians use any means necessary, even if it isn't legal or ethical, to advance their agendas and personal careers?

www.jsonline.com



As always, there is hope for the future.  However, that only occurs when enough "regular" citizens do exceptional things and participate in the process.

Buy Local…
If you haven't already purchased the items on your Super Bowl menu, consider this list.